Lathe



(No Model.)v

A. D. WAYMOTH.

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Patented Feb. 12, 1889.

INVENTOR.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

A. D.Y WAYMOTH.

(No Model.)

VL\:.r1`.

Patented Feb. 12, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

A. D. WAYMOTH. LATHE.

Plop-397,528. Patented Feb. 1 2, 18891l l WIW i R. WLTNEssBs; v 0. 7% L V ATTO BY AUGUSTINE D. VAYMOTH, OF FITCHBURG, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.

Application filed July 1B, 1882.

To all 11j/tom t may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTINE D. WAY- MOTH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Fitchburg, W'OrceSter county, in the Commonwealth ot Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lathes, more especially adapted for turning wood, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

One part of my said improvement consists in constructing the carriage which supports the rest, tool-holder, &c., adjustable in its relation to the guides or ways upon which it slides, in order that thew requisite compensation for wear of the engaging parts may be made by the operator.

Another part of my invention consists in constructing' the toolholder in such a mannerthat the holder, and thereby the tool, may be moved to and from the axial line of the article operated upon without change or adjustment ot' other parts supporting the toolholder.

Another consists in the employment of a rack and pinion, forming a part of the leverconnection, in lieu of adisk, with crank-pins, for controlling the action of the forming and cutting-oft' tool, whereby a positive action of parts is at all times insured; anda further improvement consists in pivoting1 the open socket, which supports the roughingknife at or near its rear end, upon a lower bed in such a manner as to be capable of a lateral or angular adjustment by means of appropriate mechanism ator near its forward or front end, whereby the proper slant ofthe tool may be regulated.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l represents a top View of my lathe. Fig. 2 represents a transverse vertical section. Fig. 3 represent-s a transverse vertical section of the lathe-bed, showing operative parts in position. Fig. 4 representsa section of the carriage and mode of its adjustment. Fig. 5 represents the toolholder with its means for adjusting the holder and tool. Figs. 6 and '7 represent the open socket or roughing-tool holder pivoted to its support, showing the arrangement of the ladjusting device for controlling the rake of the-tool. Fig. 8 represents the rack LATHE.

397,528, dated February 12, 1889.

Serial No. 67,074.. (No model.)

and pinion for connecting the knee-lever with the nishing and cutting-ott tool holders. Fig. 9 represents a front View ot the toolholder shown in Fig. 5. Fig. lO represents a section of a tool-holder shown in Fig. (j, and showing its manner of adjustment.

The lathe is provided with a head-stock, (represented at 13,) a sliding carriage, (repre sented at C,) and a tailstocl{, (represented at D,) which parts are arranged upon a suitable bed or frame, (represented at A.) To the carriage C and its immediate or more direct connections are applied the principal features of my improvements.

The carriage C is provided with waves which in this instance are represented as grooved although the counterparts with which the carriage is intended to connect may be grooved instead, it being' only a matter of convenience, as the operation oli' the paris would be the same constructed either way. The drawin represent the ways, which form a part ot' the carriage, in two separate parts, (more clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3,) secured to the lower part of the carriage proper, which supports the several elements which constitute the operative parts thereof in such a manner as to be capable of being spread apart when desirable to compensate for any wear of the engaging-surfaces, which is accomplished as follows: The two ways l 2 (which are adj ustably supported in position) are moved outwardly when necessary by means of a wedge or wedges. In this particular instance, however, screws are employed with wedge-shaped or tapered ends, as shown vin Fig. at, which are placed above and act at the center or line of division between the two in suoli a manner as to push them outwardly when the screw or screws are operated upon and the wedge part forced between. 1y thi s means l have secured a convenient, cheap, and effective adjustment, which cannot be so well accomplished by setting the outer ways or guides inward, for the reason that the most wear occurs at the points of engagement with the carriage, whereas at the points of connection with the head and tail-stock little or no wear occurs, owing to the fact that `the head seldom moves upon the ways and the tailstock very little as compared with the cara senses riage. Consequently it is impossible to secure the same results under all circumstances by the adjustment of the slides upon the bed.

The holder for supporting the finishin g-tool (more fully represented in. Figs. 5 and 9 of the drawings) is pivoted or hinged to its support at ai, and is adapted to be adjusted in a desired position in practice, so as to vary the contact of tool with the article being turned by elevating or lowering its cutting-edge while the lathe is in operation, and also avoid the necessity of shimming. The means shown in the drawings for adjusting the tool-holder for the purpose indicated consists of a screw provided with a right and left-hand thread, 7

and two threaded nuts, 5 and (i, pivotally connected to the tool block or holder S and its support i, whereby the two parts are held in a desired position. lly this arrangement the operator is enabled to adjust by elevating or lowering the point or cutting-edge of the tool by simply turning the adjustingscrew 7 in the proper direction to secure the desired result. I would remark, however, that this adjustment of the tool-holder may be effected by the application of a singlethreaded screw, pivoted to either the toolholder or its support, acting through an ear 'fixed upon the other, and provided with two jam-nuts, or by a single nut operating upon the screw within a slot or between two ears, the chief object being to maintain a rigid connection of parts, and at the same time permit of the proper adjustment of the cutting-tool while in operation, and avoid the necessity of packing up with thin strips of metal, the., asis usual in eases without a similar adjustment. This tool-holder is pivoted to the sliding carriage before referred to, and is shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings in position to be operated upon by the lever e through the medium of the rack-a n d-pi n ion connection S and 9. This rack-and-pinion connection is an improvement upon an invention for a like purpose for which a patent was granted to me March 25, i879, No. 213,718, the chief object being to avoid dead-centers. In other words, the action of the rack upon the pinion causes the latter to move positively, regardless of the position of the relation of the pin (with which the pinion is provided) to its connecting-lever 7L. In practice it has been found that when two pins are employed upon a disk and are caused to move into or very nearly into line with the connecting-levers they cease to operate readily, and sometimes stop upon what is sometimes termed their deadcenters. The purpose, however, of these intermediary connections is to impart the proper movement to the cutting-tools through the medium of the lever e, when desired, by the knee or otheiwvise. In lathes adapted for turning wood and other vegetable matter where a roughing-tool is required it has been found desirable at times tonot only adjust the tool to and from the axial line of the article being turned, but also to adjust and regulate the rake of the cutting-edge so that it may eut more or less freely, and at the same time by such adjustment produce a natural feed motion to the tool and carriage without the aid of especial mechanism for that purpose. this end I have improved upon my invention patented March 25, 187), before referred to, by hinging or pivoting the open socket or tool-holder N upon a ledge or flange. (Represented in the drawings at O in Figs. 4, il, and 7.) This part O is pivotally connected with the face of the upright part of the carriage C in the particular instance by screw shown by dotted lines at l5 in Fig. '7. This ledge O is adjustable upon its pivot and held in a desired position by a bolt or screw operating through a circular slot with which theA upper part of the carriage is provided. (More clearly shown in Fig. C of the drawings.) This tool-holder is also adapted to swing slightly to the right and left, being pivotally secured to the ledge O at or near the end opposite the cutting part of the tool, and an adjustingscrew, l2, is passed through an opening (more plainly shown in Fig. l0 of the drawings) intersecting with a threaded lug forming a part of or rigidly fixed to the tool holder or socket N,which is somewhat narrower in width than the length of the opening within which it is intended to move, which will be readily understood.

The ledge and holderbeing thus connected, the said holder and the tool which it carries are adjusted in the desired direction by the adjusting-screw l2, referred to, and by this means the tool may be set at the proper angle to insure more or less free cut, and thereby increase or decrease the rapidity of the feed motion of the carriage thus automatically produced by the rake or cut of the said tool.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the tool-holder may be adjusted upon the ledge by the application of two screws acting against a tongue or other suitable projection, or by other means having the effect to earefully adjust and rigidly hold the tool in the desired raking position to the right or left.

The application and arrangement of the' several elements which together constitute my improved lathe are so fully illustrated in the drawings that a furtherdescription would seem superiiuous. I would remark, however, that `the several improvements herein set forth maybe applied to any machine to which they or any of them may be adapted.

Having thus set forth my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States of America, is-

l. In a wood-turning lathe provided with a chuck and a series of cutting-tools secured to a sliding carri age, the combination, with a pivoted tool-holder supported upon a ledge, of an adj listing-screw whereby the tool may be given more or less lead, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a wood-turning lathe provided with a,

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series of Cutting-tools operating in combination with a sliding` Carriage, the Combination, with one or more guideways for supporting said Carriage, of one or more adj Listing-screws adapted to foree apart the said ways or guides, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a Wood-turning' lathe, the combination, with a sliding' carriage provided with a pivoted supportingdedge carrying,l a toolholder, of an adj listing-screw eonneetini` with said holder and operating through a slot with which the carriage is provided, whereby the rake of the Cutting-tool is passed, std )stantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The Combination, in a Wood-turning lathe, of a pivoted tool-holder, constructed substantially as described, with a clamping deviee` provided with an overhanging flange 0r oar adapted to hold the euttingeiool by e011- 

